The Role of our Microbes in Getting Pregnant.

We, as humans, are bathed in a diversity of microbes. Microbes make up an estimated

50–90% of the cells in our bodies. They’re everywhere—from our skin to our gut, vagina, ovaries, uterus and in men, sperm are swimming in microbes!

Microbes in the Human Body

Microbes inhabit nearly every part of the human body. On our skin, they form natural

defences, and in our gut, they contribute to digestion and overall health. For women, the microbiome extends to several key reproductive organs and tissues, including the vagina, bladder, uterus, and gut. Even areas like the fallopian tubes, endometrium, ovaries, and follicular fluid have their own unique microbial communities.

For example, breast milk contains a distinct microbiome that supports the baby’s health and development. Similarly, the microbiomes in follicular fluid help create a nurturing environment for healthy egg maturation. Overall, the female microbiome plays a complex and important role in reproductive health.

How Microbes Impact Fertility

Microbes are crucial for regulating both the immune and endocrine (hormonal) systems, which are inseparably tied to fertility. Think of when you get sick from a bacterial infection - the body’s immune response shifts into overdrive to fight off invaders. Similarly, the quality and balance of bacteria within the gut, vagina, pelvis, and uterus send powerful signals to the body. A balanced microbial environment tells your body it’s "safe" to conceive.

Whereas, if there’s an imbalance, such as the presence of harmful pathogens, parasites, or bacteria, causing inflammation, the body can interpret this as an "unsafe" environment to conceive.

This can lead to difficulty becoming pregnant, and even if conception occurs, the risk of miscarriage increases. For instance, during pregnancy, an infection like bacterial vaginosis notably increases the risk of miscarriage.

Microbes and Detoxification

Microbes also play a key role in detoxifying harmful chemicals and getting rid of old

hormones, once the body has used them. This function is vital for maintaining hormonal balance, which in turn supports the development of a healthy uterine lining; a healthy uterine lining being critical for holding and supporting a successful pregnancy.

The Impact of Gut Health on Pregnancy

One important takeaway is the central role of gut health in reproductive health. While

addressing microbiome imbalances in the vagina is important, it’s not the complete picture.

Addressing gut health very much has a positive knock on effect to vaginal health and immune system function improving fertility outcomes. A diverse and healthy microbiome encourages successful fertilisation and implantation.

The Bottom Line

Microbes are integral to every aspect of human health, especially fertility and pregnancy. By nurturing a healthy, balanced microbiome—in the gut, reproductive organs, and the entire body—we create the best chance for successful conception and a healthy pregnancy.

Prioritising gut health, reducing inflammation, and supporting a diverse microbial

environment can lead to lasting improvements in reproductive outcomes, underscoring just how important these tiny organisms are to our overall well-being and future.